Publications — Samuel Hall

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Street Child – Building Alternatives: Supporting Afghan Women & Children in Conflict with the Law

Street Child – Building Alternatives: Supporting Afghan Women & Children in Conflict with the Law

December 2020

This report generates evidence regarding the effectiveness of AtDs, rehabilitation, and reintegration measures, intended for stakeholders currently in a position to implement AtDs, as well as the broader sector working with children and women in conflict with the law. The Children in Crisis (CiC) project titled Support to Afghan Women and Children in Conflict with the Law: Diversion, Rehabilitation and Reintegration is a series of programmatic interventions that began in December 2017 and will conclude in 2020. It seeks to address the major structural barriers to the implementation of the Alternatives to Detention (AtD) and Alternatives to Incarceration (AtI) measures added to the Afghan Penal Code, and the growing evidence base for positive outcomes in reintegration, rehabilitation and recidivism that are connected to successful implementation of such alternatives in other contexts, for children specifically and for adults more broadly. Specifically, the goal of the work is to enable vulnerable children and women in contact and conflict with the law to avoid detention, reduce reoffending through rehabilitation, and reintegrate into their families and communities. This research falls under and addresses the third objective of the project, "Objective 3: Developing an evidence base to influence and advocate for future justice sector reform for women and juveniles."

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Children & Youth, South & Central AsiaSamuel HallDecember 16, 2020conflict, children, Law, rehabilitation, reintegration, incarceration, justice system, Afghan Penal Code, Afghanistan, Street Child, alternatives to detention, vulnerable children, vulnerable women, family, offenders, women

AFI – Financial Inclusion of Forcibly Displaced Persons

AFI – Financial Inclusion of Forcibly Displaced Persons

December 2020

Forcibly displaced persons (FDPs) often lack access to finances – including savings accounts, transfers, loans and insurance. In support of AFI’s “Advancing the Financial Inclusion of FDPs: Putting Recommendations to Practice" , Samuel Hall created a guideline note on how to better include displaced people into National Financial Inclusion Strategies (NFIS) globally. In addition, Samuel Hall and AFI, with support from Strathmore University in Kenya, researched the financial inclusion of refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs) to produce a series of case studies covering Afghanistan, Mauritania and Rwanda.

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ILO – Integrated Labour Market Assessment in Jigjiga and Kebribeyah: A Marketplace in Between Resilience and Integration

ILO – Integrated Labour Market Assessment in Jigjiga and Kebribeyah: A Marketplace in Between Resilience and Integration

December 2020

Building on previous ILO work conducted in the Ethiopian regions and in Dadaab, Kenya, the study analysed labour market opportunities and constraints for refugees and hosts in Jigjiga, Somali State through the prism of the Labour Market System (LMS). The analysis is conducted through the lens of decent work opportunities. This means that the study focuses on both the quantity and quality of jobs available for host communities and refugees. As such, the focus is not solely on unemployment patterns, but also and more crucially on the type of jobs occupied by host communities and refugees to measure decent work. Building on the Jijiga study, Samuel Hall was subsequently contracted to replicate the research in the Tigray regional state.

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Migration & Displacement, East & Southern AfricaSamuel HallDecember 10, 2020ILO, labour market assessment, Kebribeyah, integration, jobs, unemployment, Fafan, Somali, NCRRS, Jijiga, Ethiopia, labour market system, unemployment patterns

IOM – Mentoring Returnees: Study on Reintegration Outcomes Through a Comparative Lens

IOM – Mentoring Returnees: Study on Reintegration Outcomes Through a Comparative Lens

November 2020

IOM commissioned Samuel Hall to conduct the comparative study on reintegration outcomes under the umbrella of the project to Operationalise an Integrated Approach to Reintegration (ORION). Conducted across Senegal, Morocco, and Guinea, the project analyses reintegration outcomes over time and how programming type affects these. The study examines in particular the impact of a pilot mentoring approach, which provides closely targeted psychosocial support on a personalised level to returnees. The outcomes of the study overall seek to contribute to the following three outcomes: 1) Develop tools to promote sustainable reintegration, 2) reinforce evidence based programming, 3) strengthen capacities of local stakeholders in countries of origin to support reintegration.

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Middle East &North Africa, West & Central Africa, Migration & DisplacementSamuel HallNovember 24, 2020IOM, reintegration, reintegration outcomes, ORION, Senegal, Morocco, Guinea, sustainable reintegration

DACAAR – Towards the Triple Nexus: Toolkit on Afghanistan's NPP, SDGs & Triple Nexus

DACAAR – Towards the Triple Nexus: Toolkit on Afghanistan's NPP, SDGs & Triple Nexus

November 2020

This study examines where and how DACAAR should align its strategy with the Afghanistan Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), National Priority Programs and the Triple Nexus.

The triple nexus is a continuation of long-running efforts to link Relief, Rehabilitation and Development (LRRD), going a step further to link these with the aim to end conflicts. Adding the peacebuilding side to the organisation’s efforts, will shift it from being the double nexus of humanitarian-development aid, to triple nexus with peace being “the third leg of the triangle”.

The resulting toolkit will help DACAAR and other NGO partners to identify the linkage of Afghanistan Sustainable Development Goals, with their interventions and how to contribute to peacebuilding in Afghanistan through their work with Afghan communities. It also reveals where the gaps are and how organisations can further contribute to fill them.

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South & Central AsiaSamuel HallNovember 13, 2020DACAAR, Afghanistan, Afghanistan SDGs, Triple Nexus, Relief, rehabilitation, peacebuilding, toolkit, development

HelpAge - Afghanistan Analytical Brief on the Impact of COVID-19 on Older Persons

HelpAge - Afghanistan Analytical Brief on the Impact of COVID-19 on Older Persons

October 2020

Samuel Hall and HelpAge International have agreed to add a short country report brief focused on the impact of COVID-19 on Afghanistan’s elderly population to a multi-partner series sponsored by UNFPA and coordinated by HelpAge International. Samuel Hall’s contribution is independent and entirely self-funded. The overall objective of this series is to broadly monitor, document, analyse and share how the situation of older people in Asia changes in 2020 as a result of COVID-19, in order to inform programmatic responses and policy advice, post-pandemic. The methodology is geared towards collecting and analysing a wide range of secondary evidence from multiple sources. Given the regional nature of the task and the current risks associated with travel and gatherings, no fieldwork (primary data collection) will be included, nor original data analysis. However, Samuel Hall may report findings from fieldwork and data analysis carried out by others.

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South & Central AsiaSamuel HallOctober 13, 2020elderly, Afghanistan, UNFPA, HelpAge International

UNHCR - Multi-Purpose Cash Assistance Mid-Year Post Distribution Monitoring Report 2020

UNHCR - Multi-Purpose Cash Assistance Mid-Year Post Distribution Monitoring Report 2020

September 2020

Jordan hosts close to three quarters of a million refugees, most living outside of camps. The majority are vulnerable, unable to independently maintain a dignified life. In this context, UNHCR Jordan’s unconditional monthly basic needs cash assistance programme is a lifeline for many. During the first half of-2020, around 33,000 vulnerable refugee families living in urban areas and mostly but not exclusively from Syria, benefited from monthly assistance in the form of a social cash transfer (unrelated to Covid-19 emergency cash transfers also distributed by UNHCR in the late spring of 2020 and discussed in an annex to this document). Based on a survey administered via telephone to 590 cash transfer recipients, this report presents the results of the mid-year post-distribution monitoring exercise. It contributes to strengthening the evidence-base for policies that address best practices in cash-based transfers and their impact on vulnerability of refugee populations.

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Migration & Displacement, Middle East &North AfricaSamuel HallSeptember 30, 2020UNHCR, Jordan, cash-based assistance, cash assistance, cash-based aid, urban displacement, refugees, Syria

World Bank - Impact of Refugees on Hosting Communities in Ethiopia

World Bank - Impact of Refugees on Hosting Communities in Ethiopia

August 2020

Commissioned by the World Bank, Samuel Hall (SH) is conducting an analysis of the social dynamics in refugee-hosting areas in Ethiopia. The study aims to help the Ethiopian government to put in place mechanisms to enable refugees to become more self-reliant and better integrated into society and the economy. By collecting data through qualitative methods, the objective of the project is to generate high quality evidence from the field on the social context in refugee-hosting areas and on the social impacts of refugees on hosts in three regions: Addis Ababa, Somali and Gambella regions.

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Migration & Displacement, East & Southern AfricaSamuel HallAugust 10, 2020refugees, Ethiopia, World Bank, social dynamics, refugee-hosting areas, host communities, Addis Ababa, Somali, Gambella, social impact

COVID-19 in Afghanistan: Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, and Implications

COVID-19 in Afghanistan: Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices, and Implications

July 2020

COVID-19 threatens Afghanistan’s many gains, from progress in access to education for children and trust in formal protection mechanisms to social norms around gender and trust in Government. With a healthcare system already stretched to the limits, ongoing conflict and natural disasters, widespread food insecurity and reductions in foreign aid, stakeholders in Afghanistan were already facing a complex and worsening situation. COVID-19 has the potential to disastrously exacerbate this. Samuel Hall is supporting the Afghanistan Protection Cluster (PC) and other stakeholders with this brief to fill in key knowledge gaps around how COVID-19 is understood and perceived and its current and likely implications.

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Resilience, South & Central AsiaSamuel HallJuly 28, 2020food insecurity, education, Afghanistan, Afghanistan Protection Cluster, psychosocial

War Child - Coming Back to Afghanistan: Deported Minors' Needs at a Time of COVID-19

War Child - Coming Back to Afghanistan: Deported Minors' Needs at a Time of COVID-19

July 2020

Unaccompanied children on the move have become more common. This demographic shift calls for a transition to child-sensitive return programmes and policies – yet despite increased returns and deportations, support has decreased over the last decade in Afghanistan. COVID-19 has increased the risks of returns, and the response to the pandemic remains insufficient to meet the needs at the border - especially for children and women. This research was conducted by Samuel Hall for War Child UK and UNICEF to assess the impact of COVID-19 on minor deportees and returnees. It provides actionable learning to inform more effective and relevant design, implementation, and adjustment of future interventions targeting minor deportees.

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Children & Youth, Migration & Displacement, South & Central AsiaSamuel HallJuly 17, 2020returnees, children, migration, deportation, deported minors, minors, unaccompanied children, War Child, UNICEF, deportees

The Halo Trust - The Link: Connecting Mine Action and Livelihoods

The Halo Trust - The Link: Connecting Mine Action and Livelihoods

June 2020

As mine action stakeholders work towards a mine-free Afghanistan in a country experiencing active conflict and pervasive economic difficulties, there are growing imperatives to link clearance of mines from the land, with the livelihoods and development of people and communities on that land afterwards.Samuel Hall conducted an evaluation of the programme for the HALO Trust as the programme concluded, reviewing literature and conducting primary data collection and analysis from November 2019 to March 2020. The research emphasised a community-based mixed methods approach to evaluate the programme from beneficiaries’ perspectives, and placed community members’ feedback at the centre of the evaluation.

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Resilience, South & Central AsiaSamuel HallJune 24, 2020mine action, demining, resilience, mine clearance, Afghanistan, livelihoods, development, HALO Trust

The Womanity Foundation - Girls CAN Code

The Womanity Foundation - Girls CAN Code

June 2020

The Womanity Foundation are implementing GCC at a particularly critical juncture with Afghanistan charting an uncertain path in 2020 and beyond. This uncertainty extends to the role of women in Afghan society as well as the context for female education and employment. In a fast changing environment, how can Womanity maximise their impact and best work with Afghan girls to create tangible changes in their own lives? With these questions as a basis, Samuel Hall: evaluated the GCC programme from 2016–2019; conducted a context and market analysis on potential income and work pathways for Afghan girls with a focus on the tech sector and broader trends in STEM; mapped a forward strategy for Womanity to scale its impact.

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Children & Youth, South & Central AsiaSamuel HallJune 24, 2020evaluation, education, girls, coding, STEM, Afghanistan, Afghan society, The Womanity Foundation

UNICEF - Social Norms, Economic Approaches: The potential for addressing GBV through economic interventions in the Rohingya refugee response

UNICEF - Social Norms, Economic Approaches: The potential for addressing GBV through economic interventions in the Rohingya refugee response

June 2020

This report, commissioned by UNICEF, develops an evidence base on the potential for addressing gender-based violence in the Rohingya Refugee Response through economic interventions, seeking to understand the contextual risks, drivers, challenges, and possibilities. It highlights the possibilities for using economic interventions in this context, in particular how programming that utilises economic strategies in combination with other elements, and which aligns economic strategies with needs and drivers specific to the forms of GBV they seek to address based on strong contextual understandings, are likely to be the most successful in creating sustainable impacts for women and girls, and communities more broadly.

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Children & Youth, Resilience, South & Central AsiaSamuel HallJune 23, 2020gender-based violence, UNICEF, Rohingya, Bangladesh, cash transfer

World Bank - A Qualitative Assessment of Pathways to Youth Inclusion in Afghanistan

World Bank - A Qualitative Assessment of Pathways to Youth Inclusion in Afghanistan

April 2020

The World Bank commissioned Samuel Hall in 2019 to conduct field research to explore Pathways to Youth Inclusion in Afghanistan. The objectives of this research were twofold: 1) To understand the issues, barriers and challenges faced by Afghan youth in terms of their inclusion in the social and economic processes that make up Afghan society and 2) To understand the perceptions of the Youth Subcommittees (YSCs) of local Community Development Councils (CDCs) established by Citizens’ Charter (an initiative of the Government of Afghanistan introduced in late 2016, to improve the delivery of core infrastructure, emergency services, and social services to participating communities), in terms of their impact, capacity, strengths and weaknesses, and attitudes toward them and their work.

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Children & Youth, South & Central AsiaSamuel HallMay 8, 2020youth, children, Afghanistan, inclusion, World Bank

UNHCR - Multi-Purpose Cash Assistance: 2019 Post Distribution Monitoring Report

UNHCR - Multi-Purpose Cash Assistance: 2019 Post Distribution Monitoring Report

January 2020

This report presents the results of the 2019 annual Post-Distribution Monitoring (PDM) exercise of UNHCR’s cash assistance programme in Jordan. Through an ATM banking network equipped with iris scan technology, the agency disburses over 5.5 million USD per month to close to 32,500 vulnerable refugee families living across the country. The majority of the beneficiary population is Syrian. Assistance is designed to allow beneficiaries to meet their basic needs and reduce their susceptibility to exploitation and other protection risks. The results of this monitoring exercise suggest that, as intended, almost all respondents use the cash to meet their running essential household needs. These mostly revolve around rent, food, utilities and health – categories which appear unchanged over time.

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Data Standards & Analytics, Middle East &North AfricaSamuel HallJanuary 31, 2020UNHCR, cash-based assistance, cash assistance, Jordan, Syria, Post-Distribution Monitoring, PDM, monitoring

ADSP - A Long Way Home: Obstacles and Opportunities for IDP Return in Afghanistan

ADSP - A Long Way Home: Obstacles and Opportunities for IDP Return in Afghanistan

January 2020

Building on secondary research and an ethnographic-based primary data collection, this research turns to IDPs in key provinces and districts of return to ask: which factors positively contribute to the ability of IDP populations to return to their places of origin in a manner which is sustainable and dignified? Samuel Hall answers this question by taking a case study approach, zooming in on 1-3 specific theme(s) in each of the areas studied, and building a narrative of local specificities raised by IDPs themselves in group and individual consultations, including interactions with other community representatives as well in the process.

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Migration & Displacement, South & Central AsiaSamuel HallJanuary 31, 2020Afghanistan, IDPs, ADSP, Return, Asian Displacement Solutions Platform, sustainable reintegration, case study

DRC/NRC/IRC - Unprepared for (re)integration: Lessons Learned from Afghanistan, Somalia, and Syria on Refugee Returns to Urban Areas

DRC/NRC/IRC - Unprepared for (re)integration: Lessons Learned from Afghanistan, Somalia, and Syria on Refugee Returns to Urban Areas

January 2020

This research was designed to support the thinking and planning around (re-)integration by identifying obstacles to preparedness of stakeholders for return and (re-)integration in refugee return settings. The study generates operational learning to enable NGOs, UN agencies, donors, government actors, and displacement-affected communities (DACs) to strengthen (re-) integration programming. It does so by reviewing achievements, challenges, opportunities, and critical success factors required for enhancing preparedness in return settings.

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Migration & Displacement, East & Southern Africa, South & Central Asia, Middle East &North AfricaSamuel HallJanuary 31, 2020reintegration, return, Afghanistan, Somalia, Syria, return settings, DRC, IRC, NRC

World Bank – Afghanistan Household & Enterprise Energy Diaries

World Bank – Afghanistan Household & Enterprise Energy Diaries

January 2020

The Household and Enterprise Diaries research project formed part of the World Bank’s 3-year Afghanistan Energy Study. The aim of the project was to collect data on energy patterns at the household and business/community institution level in different Afghan contexts. This included information on electricity solutions, fuel sources, heating, cooking and lighting as well as willingness to pay. Samuel Hall conducted 3000 household surveys, 250 business and community institution surveys and 30 Focus Group Discussions across 30 communities in 6 Provinces (Kabul, Samangan, Herat, Paktia and Daikundi). The research team conducted a longitudinal research phase, which involved monthly call-backs with the research participants over one year (up to 39,000 phone surveys), along with seasonal case-studies to capture changing energy consumption patterns across different seasons.

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South & Central AsiaSamuel HallJanuary 1, 2020Afghanistan, World Bank, electricity solutions, energy sources, energy patterns, energy